Baroque Art History Pdf' title='Baroque Art History Pdf' />Critical rehabilitation. The Swissborn art historian Heinrich Wlfflin 18641945 started the rehabilitation of the word Baroque in his Renaissance und Barock. Baroque Guitar for Smarties by Clive Titmuss. This is a guest post by guitarist luthier Clive Titmuss. A big thank you to Clive for this great overview of the Baroque guitar, previously published on Classical Guitar Canada. Make sure to visit his website to see more of his work and recordings. All photos of guitars are by Clive Titmuss that he built himself. I Introduction Clive Titmuss. If you look in any anthology of music  for the guitar from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, you will usually find that much of the music is for keyboard or lute. Guitarists love to play the music of Bach, Scarlatti, Handel, Rameau, Weiss and othersnone of whom actually wrote guitar music. Other than a few frequently played pieces by De Visee, Corbetta and Sanz, the vast repertoire of the baroque guitar is undiscovered territory for most players. The reasons, aside from a difference of tuning more on this below, is that the modern guitar has quite different musical properties. The modern guitar is a baritonetenor, but the baroque guitar is an alto instrument, about the body size of a viola. The rich tenor register of the guitar, which gives it so much of its distinct character, is not so evident on the baroque guitar. The strumming and ornamental effects that are common on the early instrument dont make much sense on the modern one. A full guitar strum is emphatic and powerful, whereas on the baroque instrument, it is lighter and more percussive. The sustaining qualities of the modern guitar are a bit too much for the thin textured and ornamented music, clouding the articulation of the rhythm. Campanelas, the playing of successive scale tones on separate strings, easily rendered by re entrant tuning, is a prominent feature of the music of Spanish and Italian composers of the late 1. Century.   Re entrant tuning strings the instrument with the two lowest courses an octave higher than the current tuning. The double stringing of the pre Classical era allows for a number of possibilities of the mounting of lower and higher strings. The practical Italians quickly caught on to the advantages of the tuning  the guitar may be strung with only three sizes of string. The classical instrument is only able to suggest campanelas, and other re entrant effects, found in profusion for a century of the guitars history. Much of the 1. 7th Century repertoire is based on stylized dances, which without vocal influence, can be abstract in their content. The most frequently played part of this literature, its popular hits, consists of artfully set folk music. The greatest music for baroque guitar is difficult to render adequately on the modern guitar because the traditions of the two instruments have diverged so widely  They speak basically the same language, but with a different vocabulary and accent. Help is at hand  herewith a guide to what you need to play and understand the marvellous music of the five course baroque guitar. There is a small printed literature for the late Renaissance four course guitar, but the earliest printed music for the five course baroque guitar stems from around 1. A video instructional series on art history for college and high school classrooms and adult learners 9 onehour video programs and coordinated books. Baroque painting is the painting associated with the Baroque cultural movement. The movement is often identified with Absolutism, the Counter Reformation and Catholic. Access teachercreated sixth grade lesson plans aligned to topics specified by the Core Knowledge Sequence. Subjects include history, art, math and more. Europe.   The intent of the first printed works was mainly pedagogical. Rather than providing composed art music, these early books taught the Italian alphabet, a simple notation that assigns letters not the note name to stereotyped chord formations. In this way, it was possible to notate and print easy pieces such as Folias, Espaoletas, Ciaconas, and other chord formulas simply by using a capital letter and a stroke above or below the line to indicate up or down strums. Few subdivisions were used and the rhythm was often rudimentary, intended to be supplemented by the players ear. When it comes to amateurs and the guitar, it has always been and still is learn four chords and join a band. Most of the eighteenth century composers whose work is mainly known in the nineteenth century, such as Sor, Aguado, Giuliani, Carcassi and many others, were trained in Italian pedagogical traditions in the 1. Century, and would have learned this alphabet as students. The chord forms underlie their music in a fundamental and organic way. Every student of the guitar should know a little of the alphabet, because it provides a window into the deep structure of the guitars language. Here is Carlo Calvis alphabet page and a few simple pieces. It is amazing how well this simple system works and it is the door into a world of baroque guitar masterpieces. This music was often played without a pick, using only the index finger up for weak beats and down for strong, and this alphabeto technique was still in use two centuries later. Most music is still played on the guitar with this basic style unchanged. Calvis alfabeto chart. Calvi Folia and Spanoleta in alpahbeto notation. II An Annotated Checklist of Baroque Guitar Composers Italy. Montesardo, 1. 60. Italian chord alphabetSanseverino 1. Millioni 1. 62. 7Foscarini 1. Corbetta in Italian mixed tablature, tablature with alphabeto chords 1. Bartolotti 1. 64. Carbonchi 1. 64. 0, 1. Calvi 1. 64. 6 alphabeto and tablature in separate sections, well written simple pieces, often used today for instructionGranata including music for guitar theorbo and ensemble music 1. Baroque Art History Pdf' title='Baroque Art History Pdf' />Frescobaldi, protracted use of re entrant effectsPellegrini 1. Toccatas, influence of the lute and Venetian choral musicBottazari 1. Roncalli 1. 69. 2 sonatas with succession of dances organized according to key in lute style, orchestrated by Ottorino Resphigi in Ancient Airs and Dances orchestral suitesRoncalli Gavotta. Spain. Amat 1. 58. Briceo 1. 62. 6 published in Paris, simple chordal piecesDoizi de Velasco 1. NaplesSanz 1. 67. Ribayaz 1. 67. 7treatise, re prints of Sanz, much informationGuerau 1. Folias, Jacaras, Villanos etc. De Santa Cruz late 1. C. MS, plucked style, as with Guerau, the heritage of the vihuelaDe Murcia  1. Games For Nokia E52. New World connections, emigrated to Mexico, collected works there c. Minguet y Yrol 1. SanzDe Sotos 1. 76. France. Mersenne 1. Carr 1. 67. 2Corbette same as Corbetta, above, publishing and working in France, taught many French musicians, spread the guitar to court circles 1. De Vise 1. 68. 2, 1. MS music for guitar, theorbo and luteDerosier 1. Campion 1. 70. 5 printed and MS music, rococo style, long fugues, altered tuningsLe Cocq 1. Campion Allemande in B flat tuning. Bohemia. Losy Count Logy von Losinthal, original pieces or transcriptions of lute music in MS, influence of De Vise and the French lute schoolEngland. Matteis 1. 69. 0 continuo treatise, a few compositions, Italian influence, music in the style of PurcellGermanyDenmark. Nathaniel Diesel MS of ensemble and solo pieces, 1. Rampage Game For Ps3. III The Italian Alphabet Chord System A Short Survey of Baroque Guitar Music. If you look over this list, a few things immediately stand out. Though we think of the guitar as a quintessentially Spanish instrument, it appears that Italy drove the development of the music and its publication. Francesco Corbettas three books of Italian tablature  published in Bologna, Milano and Brussels put the guitar in a Spanish context, using Spagnola or Spagnuola in the title, as do the books of Foscarini, Pellegrini, Bottazari and others.